Coleraine (/ k oʊ lr eɪ n /, from Irish Cúil Rathain , which means “corner of the ferns” [5] [fun ɾˠahɪnʲ]) is a large city and parish near the mouth of the River Bann in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is 55 miles (88.5 km) northwest of Belfast and 30 miles (48.3 kilometers) east of Derry, both of which are connected by major roads and rail links. It is part of the Causeway Coast and Glens district.

Description

Coleraine had a population of 24.630 people in the 2011 census. Disposable income is well above average in Northern Ireland. North Coast (Coleraine and Limavady) area has the highest property prices in Northern Ireland, even higher than the rich South Belfast. [6] golf courses, countryside and leisure activities and attractions are to be found. It has an attractive city center, and a marina. Coleraine during the day is a busy city, but at night the city is relatively quiet, with a lot of nightlife in the area which is located in the nearby coastal cities Portrush and. Coleraine is also home to one of the largest Polish communities in Northern Ireland.

Coleraine is at the lowest bridging point of the River Bann, where the river is 90 meters wide. The square is called “The Diamond” and is the location of the town hall. Patrick’s Church of Ireland is nearby. The University of Ulster campus was built in the 1960s and has brought a theater space to the city in the form of Riverside Theatre.

Coleraine has been designated as an important growth area in Northern Ireland strategy development. Although the population of the town is just 25,000, Cole has a large catchment area. The city also has the advantage of being close to some of the most extraordinary landscapes in Europe. In 2002, Coleraine won the best-preserved city and Ulster in Bloom awards. In 2003 it was chosen to represent Northern Ireland in the prestigious Britain in Bloom competition. In 2010 SuperValu Best Kept Awards, Cole was named best preserved city in Northern Ireland, this is a prestigious award that commends cities across Northern Ireland for its work to improve the local environment.[7] [ citation needed ] It has its own local radio station: Q97.2FM

History

Coleraine has a long history of settlement. Mesolithic site at Mount Sandel, who is from around 5935 BC [8] are some of the earliest evidence of human settlement in Ireland. [9]

The Tripartite life of Saint Patrick’s records how the town got its name.When Patrick arrived in the neighborhood, he received with great honor and hospitality of the local governor Nadslua, who offered him a piece of land to build a church. The location was next to the River Bann and was overgrown with ferns, which were being burned by some boys to entertain themselves.This event led to the area known as Cúil Raithin ( “nook of ferns”), who later anglicized as Colrain , Colerain and Coleraine . It has been translated into Latin by Colgan as Secessus Filicis .

The city was one of the two urban communities developed by London companies in County Londonderry in the Plantation of Ulster in the early 17th century. The slightly skewed street pattern of Coleraine city center is inherited from the early exercise in urban planning, along with traces of the lines in the levees that gave the plantation town with its defense. 1637 issued the Inspector General of Customs a report compiled from accounts customs due from each port and their “subsidiary streams.” Ulster end up on the list, Carrickfergus was first, followed avBangor, Donaghadee, and Strang.Carlingford and Coleraine each had £ 244 customs basis and had the same ranking. [10]

During the war, the two Kings (1689-1691) Coleraine was a center of Protestant opposition to the rule of James II. Richard Hamilton is the Irish army made an attempt to seize the city, but was rejected. The Protestants were forced to abandon the city shortly afterwards and pulled back to Derry.Later that year, after the unsuccessful siege of Derry, SirCharles Carney and his Jacobite garrison fled the city to get the news in advance of Percy Kirke guy’s strengths and landing at Carrickfergus by Marshal Schomberg.DeWilliamites controlled Coleraine for the rest of the war.

With some industrialization, the expansion of the river port, and the development of the railroad, the city expanded considerably during the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. Coleraine expanded steadily after World War II. The population doubled due to major industrial development on extensive suburban locations, the decision to place the New University of Ulster (now known as the University of Ulster) in the city, expansion of trade and the development of sports and leisure facilities.There has been a steady increase in the urban area from the mid-20’s compact city in less than 1¼ square miles (2 km²), to the current more spread town about 7 square miles (11 km²). During the Troubles in Northern Ireland 13 people were killed in or near Coleraine, ten of them in two separate car bomb explosions.

Since 1980, growth continued, but at a more modest pace. During the twenty years to 2001 the city’s population increased by 22% to about 25,000, but the growth rate decreased from 12% in 1980 to 8% in the 1990s. [11]

The troubles

Main article: unrest in Coleraine

Control

Coleraine was the headquarters of the former Coleraine Borough Council, before it merged in 2015 to form the Causeway Coast and Glens District Council, which now has its headquarters in the former Coleraine Borough Council headquarters.

City Council area along with adjoining district Limavady form the East Londonderry constituency for elections to the Westminster Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly, although a part of the town is in County Antrim.

The Unionist controlled Coleraine Borough Council operates a rotational position of mayor / deputy mayor between the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP), Democratic Unionist Party and the nationalist Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP).

Tourism

Coleraine is the largest city in the world-famous Causeway Coast, which attracts more than three million visitors a year, spending more than £ 47 million. [12] The world famous Giant’s Causeway is one twenty-five minute bus ride away. The distillery village of Bushmills is well served by buses from the city and there is a narrow gauge steam train running in the summer of Bushmills to the Giant’s Causeway. The train ride takes about fifteen minutes from the city to the Causeway. Also north of Coleraine is the scenic coastal city of Port, with fine sandy beach and coastal promenader.Portrush is part of the city.

Northwest of Coleraine is the small village of Castle, with a beach that is essentially a continuation of the beach at Stewart, separated by the River Bann. Nearby is also the main beach at Benone Strand and Mussenden Temple, built by Frederick Augustus Hervey, an 18th century Anglican bishop on top of a precipitate cliff with views of County Donegal in one direction and Scotland in another. The National Trust managed Downhill forest was part of the bishop’s house, and though the castle itself is now a ruined garden is a wonderful place full of strange hidden lakes and wonderfully tended flower gardens.

Climate

As with the rest of the British Isles, Coleraine experience a maritime climate with cool summers and mild to cold winters. The nearest official Met Office weather station that online records are available at nearby Coleraine University, [13] about 1 mil north of downtown. But observations ceased some years ago and the closest current Met Office weather observation station is at Movanagher, about 12 miles to the south. Rain on Coleraine peaks typically over 100 mm in October. The driest month is May, with an average of less than 60 mm. [14] On average, 173 days a year to report at least 1 mm of rain, which range from 18 days in January to 11 days in June.

Tourist attractions

The eastern part of the city is characterized by Mount Proportion Forest, which includes Mount Sandel Fort, an old place that has been claimed as the oldest site of human settlement in Ireland. This wooden house dating from around 7000 BC discovered. [16] [17] The fort can be reached via Mount Percentage forest, closest to the entrance, the side near Coleraine Courthouse. There is another fort about 2 miles south of Mount Percentage near a small village called Loughan.

Notable people

  • Well-known people from Coleraine include actor James Nesbitt, actress Michelle Fairley, author Maggie O’Farrell, David Cunningham from the band The Flying Lizards, Ulster and Ireland Rugby Union player Andrew Trimble, the British Ladies Champion figure skating Jenna McCorkell, folk singer Damien O’Kane and 2012 British Olympic rower Alan Campbell, Peter Chambers, Richard Chambers and Richard Archibald.Goalkeeper Harry Gregg MBE, sometimes called the hero of the Munich air disaster, grew up in Coleraine. Dave McElfatrick, co-writer of the webcomic Cyanide and Happiness is a native of the city.
  • Coleraine was also the home of Bonar Law, the British Prime Minister for a brief period in the 1920s. He lived in the manse next 1st Coleraine Presbyterian Church on Abbey Street.
  • Ancestors James Knox Polk, 11th president of the United States, was among the first Ulster Scots settlers emigrating from Coleraine in 1680 to become a powerful political family in Mecklenburg County.
  • Suspected serial killer John Bodkin Adams, lived in Coleraine (Mount Andel area) from 1911 to 1916 and participated in Coleraine Academical Institution. He was a general practitioner and worked in Eastbourne from 1922. He was indicted in 1957 for the murder of 2 patients but was acquitted. He was suspected of causing the death of 163 other patients.[18]
  • Davy Boyle, Caring Caretaker , caretakers in Coleraine Town Hall has for many years raised large amounts of money to charity. Each year he conducts a “sit” in December [19] and he has received an MBE for his efforts.
  • Speedy W. Moore, musicians, storytellers, fishermen, and award-winning journalist who received the MBE and saw his accomplishments as a columnist for The Coleraine Chronicle earn the reading of a special mood in the British House of Commons. [20]
  • Listed mathematical physicist Sir Thomas Ranken Lyle, a pioneer in X-ray technology in Australia and former Ireland international rugby union player.
  • Charles Frederick Williams, a well-known journalist and war correspondent.

Training

Coleraine has a variety of educational institutions at all levels.

Primary and secondary schools

The local schools include:

  • Saint Johns Primary School
  • Irish Society Primary School
  • Coleraine Academical Institution: Grammar School for Boys
  • Coleraine College
  • Saint Joseph Co-educational Catholic secondary school
  • Coleraine High School: Grammar School for Girls
  • DH Christie Memorial Primary School
  • Killowen Primary School
  • Loreto College Coleraine: Co-educational Catholic grammar school
  • Harpurs Hill Primary School
  • Millburn Primary School
  • Saint Malachy Primary School
  • North Coast Integrated College: Non-denominational
  • Macosquin Primary School

Tertiary

Coleraine is the site of a University of Ulster campus and houses the university’s administration buildings. It is the original campus of what was originally the New University of Ulster which merged with the former Ulster Polytechnic in Jordan just north of Belfast in the early 1980s to form today’s institution. It is noted as a world leading center for research in biomedical sciences [ citation needed ] .
The Causeway Institute is a College of Further and Higher Education based in Coleraine, with another campus in nearby Ballymoney.

Transport

Coleraine railway station was opened on December 4, 1855 and shares facilities with the city Ulsterbus bus depot. Passenger services are delivered via the Belfast-Derry railway along the scenic shores of Lough Foyle ochColeraine-Portrush railway branch line. Belfast-Derry railway line is to be upgraded to facilitate more frequent trains and improvements of the permanent way track and signaling to allow faster services.

The railway station was closed for freight 4 January 1965. [21]

Sport

Coleraine itself contains Cole Rugby Club, founded in 1921, Coleraine FC, founded in 1927 and currently in the IFA Premier and CLG Eoghan Rua established in 1957. Coleraine one of the hosting cities for the Milk Cup.Coleraine also makes part of the circuit for the North West 200, a series of motorcycle road races organized by Coleraine and District Motor Club.

Coleraine Bowling Club is a lawn bowls club situated at Lodge Road and was founded in 1903. Coleraine is one of the most successful teams in NIPBA and Irish bowling, with 64 titles on the list of awards. The Bannsiders have claimed two Irish Bowling Association Senior Challenge Cup victories in 1921 and 2013. Coleraine are also a number of international players and the Commonwealth Games representatives, mainly Victor Dallas and Roy Fulton.

Coleraine Cricket Club plays in the North West Senior League.

Within the local area, but not in Coleraine are a number of renowned golf courses including Castle Golf Club, Royal Portrush Golf Club Portstewart Golf Club.

Coleraine has a significant equestrian fraternity, with a number of clubs in the vicinity – of special interest is the RDA Coleraine (Riding for Disabled Association (Coleraine & District Group), which provides riding opportunities for people with physical and / or learning difficulties in their millions £ 1, 75 RDA Causeway Coast Arena on Castleroe (see website www.rdacoleraine.org). the new stadium financed by SportNI, Coleraine Borough Council, and by donations from the people in the area. the conditions for granting aid comprised of a first-class sports arena for the RDA, equestrian fraternity, and other sports activities. It is particularly important to develop Owls sports Club ( O pportunities W Without L IMIT s), which will coordinate the development of a wide range of sporting opportunities for people with physical and / or learning difficulties, and in many cases his siblings. to facilitate this process SportNI has funded the provision of a Sports Development Officer.

2011 Census

Coleraine classified as a large city (ie with population between 18,000 and 75,000 people). [22] The Census day (27 March 2011), there were 59.069 people living in Coleraine Borough (this figure includes other towns and villages in the city) . [23] Of these:

  • 22.3% were younger than 16 years, and 16.7% were aged 65 years and older
  • 47.7% of the population were male and 52.3% were women
  • 28% belong to or entered in the Catholic denomination and 65.3% belong to or have grown up in a Protestant and other Christian (including Christian related) denominations.
  • 3.9% of the population aged 16-74 were unemployed.

Coleraine international

Coleraine, like a city name occurs in other countries, such as Coleraine, Minnesota, USA. 1853 conducted a surveyor named Lindsay Clarke works in a township called Bryans Creek Crossing in Victoria, Australia. He was named the city of Coleraine. [24]

A wine from New Zealand, Te Mata Estate’s Coleraine Cabernet / Merlot, named after the city. [25]

The Zomba Action Project is a charity founded in 2003 under the leadership of Coleraine Borough Council to help the municipality of Zomba in southern Malawi, which aims to help some of the residents of the region to build a better life for themselves and their children. The region was chosen because of the historical links between the Presbyterian and Catholic churches and Malawi, which affects a number of specific local contacts.Donations have been used to finance computers, education, health and other projects. [26]

A street in Montreal, Canada named Coleraine in Pointe-Saint-Charles, who was once an Irish neighborhood.

“Saint-Joseph-de-Coleraine”, a small municipality in the Appalachian region in the province of Quebec, Canada, is named after Saint Joseph, father of Jesus, and the town of Coleraine in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is part of the “Chaudière-Appalaches” region and the population is 2018 2009. It holds an Irish Heritage Festival annually.

Coleraine connected with the French town of La Roche-sur-Yon. [27]

See also

  • Cole cheddar
  • County Coleraine
  • List of cities in Northern Ireland
  • List of villages in Northern Ireland
  • List of civil parishes in County Londonderry
  • O’Cahan
  • University of Ulster

References

  1. Jump up ^ North / South Ministerial Council – 2003 Annual Report Ulster-Scots
  2. Jump up ^ North / South Ministerial Council – 2001 Annual Report Ulster-Scots
  3. Jump up ^ Ulster-Scots guide to Beaghmore stone circles – Ministry of Environment
  4. Jump up ^ Yeirly 2007 Tourism Ireland.
  5. Jump up ^ Flanaghan, Deirdre & Laurence, Irish place names , page 194. Gill & Macmillan, 2002. ISBN 0-7171-3396-6
  6. Jump up ^ University of Ulster Quarterly House Price Index report in cooperation with the Bank of Ireland and the Northern Ireland Housing Executive – March 2006
  7. Jump up ^ “Jottings from the Chairman | Open + Direct Insurance Best Kept Awards “. Www.niacbestkept.com. Pulled 11/25/2015.
  8. Jump up ^ States Yearbook 2007, Macmillan Publishing, 678 pages, edited by Barry Turner, ISBN 1-4039-9276-2 / ISBN 978-1-4039-9276-5
  9. Jump up ^ C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Celtic Sea . eds. P.Saundry & C.Cleveland.Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and miljö.Washington DC.
  10. Jump up ^ O’Sullivan, Aidan; Breen, Colin (2007). Maritime Ireland. An archeology of coastal communities. Stroud: Tempus. p. 212. ISBN 978-0-7524-2509-2.
  11. Jump Service Draft Northern Area Plan, Accessed 27 December 2006
  12. Jump up ^ “Investing in Coleraine”. Capital of the Causeway Coast.Archived from the original The 7 June 2007. Retrieved 14 September of 2007.
  13. Jump up ^ “Station locations”. Met Office.
  14. Jump up ^ “Coleraine Precipitation.” Met Office.
  15. Jump up ^ “Coleraine 1971-2000 average.” YR.NO. Hämtadskrevs 20 September 2011.
  16. Jump up ^ “Mount Sandel, Ireland”. About.com. Hämtad14 September of 2007.
  17. Jump up ^ “prehistory”. Causeway Coast and Glens Heritage Trust.Archived from the original at 22 September 2007. Fourteen Retrieved September of 2007.
  18. Hoppa upp^ Cullen, Pamela V. “A Stranger in Blood: The Case Files på Dr John Bodkin Adams”, London, Elliott & Thompson, 2006, ISBN 1-904027-19-9
  19. Jump up ^ Davy and his “Dreamcoat”! Coleraine Times website 18 November 2009 Retrieved 4 December 2009
  20. Jump up ^ Speedy Moore: He touched all of our lives Coleraine Times website August 5, 2008 Retrieved August 28, 2011
  21. Jump up ^ “Coleraine Station” (PDF). Railscot – Irish Railways.Hämtad30 August of 2007.
  22. Jump up ^ http://www.nisra.gov.uk/archive/urbanreport.pdf NI Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). Accessed 27 December 2006
  23. Jump up ^ Population of Census Day 2011: permanent residents by geographic area and gender P1a 2011 Census NISRA, Accessed August 17, 2013
  24. Hoppa upp^http://www.smh.com.au/news/Victoria/Coleraine/2005/02/17/1108500206358.html Accessed den 27 december 2006
  25. Jump up ^ “Te Mata – Cole CABERNET / MERLOT”. Retrieved 15 May 2008.
  26. Jump up ^ “Zomba”. Coleraine Borough Council website. Coleraine Borough Council. Retrieved 14 June 2008.
  27. Jump up ^ “Twinning”. Complete France.