County Tyrone (from Irish: Tír Eoghain , meaning “land of Eoghan”) is one of the six historic counties of Northern Ireland. It is also one of the thirty-two traditional counties of Ireland, and is located within the historical province of Ulster. It is no longer used as an administrative division of the municipalities, but retains a strong identity in popular culture.
Bordering on the southwest shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 3155 km ² (1218 sq mi) and has a population of about 177,986, with its county seat is Omagh.
Name
The name Tyrone derived from the Irish Tír Eoghain , meaning “land of Eoghan” the name of the conquests made by Cenél nEógain from the provinces Airgíalla and Ulaid. [5] Historically, it was anglicised as Tirowen orTyrowen , which is closer to the Irish pronunciation .
History
Main article: List of Kings of Tír Eógain
1608 during the revolt O’Doherty areas of the country was looted and burned by the forces of Sir Cahir O’Doherty after his destruction of Derry. But O’Doherty’s men avoided the estates of the recently fled the Earl of Tyrone runtDungannon, fear Tyrone anger on his return from exile. [13] Historically Tyrone stretched as far north as Lough Foyle, and comprised part of the day County Londonderry east river Foyle. The majority of County Londonderry was carved by Tyrone between 1610-1620 when the land went to the Guilds of London to set the profit system based on natural resources available there. Tyrone was the traditional stronghold of the various O’Neill clans and families, the strongest of the Gaelic Irish families in Ulster, surviving in the seventeenth century. The ancient principality of Tír Eoghain, the legacy of O’Neill covered the whole of the current counties Tyrone and Londonderry, and the four baronies Inishowen West, East Inishowen, Raphoe North and South Raphoe in County Donegal. [12]
Geography
With an area of 3,155 square kilometers (1,218 sq mi), is the largest County Tyrone in Northern Ireland. The flat peatlands in eastern Tyrone bordering the banks of the largest lake in the British Isles, Lough Neagh, rising gradually to more mountainous terrain in the western part of the county, the area around the Sperrin Mountains, the highest point is Sawel Mountain at an altitude of 678 m (2,224 ft). The length of the county, from the mouth of the River Blackwater in Lough Neagh to the western point near Carrickaduff hill is 55 miles (89 km). The width, from the south, southeast of Fivemiletown, to the northeastern corner near Meenard Mountain is 37.5 miles (60.4 km); provides an area of 1260 square miles (in 1900). [12]Annaghone claims to be the geographical center of Northern Ireland.
Tyrone is connected by land to the county of Fermanagh in the south, the south Monaghan, Armagh in the southeast, Londonderry in the north; and Donegal in the west. Lough Neagh in the east it borders the County Antrim.It is the eighth largest of Ireland’s thirty-two counties by area and the tenth largest by population. [14] It is the second largest of nine traditional Ulster counties by area and the fourth largest by population. [15]
Demography
It is one of four counties in Northern Ireland currently has a majority of the population from a Catholic community background, according to the census of 2011. In 1900, County Tyrone had a population of 197,719, [12] , while in 2011 was 177,986.
settlements
Main article: List of places in County Tyrone
big Cities
(population of 18,000 or more and 75,000 at the 2001 census) [16]
Medium cities
(population of 10,000 or more and 18,000 at the 2001 census) [16]
Small towns
(population of 4,500 or more and 10,000 at the 2001 census) [16]
Between settlements
(population of 2250 or more and in 4500 at the 2001 census) [16]
villages
(population of 1,000 or more and for 2250 at the 2001 census) [16]
- Ardboe
- Carrickmore
- Dromore
- Fintona
- Five
- moy
- Newtownstewart
- Zion Mills
small villages
(population of less than 1,000 at the 2001 census) [16]
- Altamuskin
- Altmore
- Ardstraw
- Artigarvan
- Augher
- Aughnacloy
- Ballygawley
- Ballymagorry
- Benburb
- Beragh
- Brockagh
- Caledon
- Clady
- Clogher
- Clonoe
- Derryloughan
- Derrytresk
- Donaghmore
- Donemana
- Drumquin
- Edenderry
- Eglish
- Erganagh
- Eskra
- Evish
- Glenmornan
- Gortin
- Greencastle
- Killyclogher
- Loughmacrory
- Kildress
- Plumbridge
- Pomeroy
- Stone
- Stewart
- Tamnamore
- Trillick
- Tullyhogue
- Victoria Bridge
subdivisions
baronies
Main article: Barony (Ireland)
- Clogher
- Lower Dungannon
- Dungannon Middle
- Upper Dungannon
- omagh East
- omagh West
- Strabane Lower
- Strabane Upper
Helge
Main article: List of civil parishes in County Tyrone
townlands
Main article: List of townlands in County Tyrone
Future rail Revival
There is the future possibility of the line to resume Dungannon station from Portadown. [17]
Sports
Major sports in Tyrone’s Gaelic games, association football and rugby union.[ Citation needed ]
- Gaelic football is the most popular sport in the county with Gaelic football is more widely played than hurling. The Tyrone GAA football page has had great success since 2000, won three All Ireland titles (2003, 2005 and 2008), they have also won fourteen Ulster titles (1956, 1957, 1973, 1984, 1986, 1989, 1995, 1996, 2001 , 2003, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2016) [18]and two National League titles (2002 and 2003). [ citation needed ]
- Underage Gaelic football team has also had great success on the field, both provincial and national level – to win the All-Ireland Minor Football Championship seven times (the past, even in 2010) and All-Ireland Under-21 football team four times. [ Citation needed ]
- Football Association also has a large following. Omagh Town FC were members of the Irish football league until they folded in 2005 because of financial problems. Dungannon Swifts FC competes in NIFL Premiership – elitserien.Andra teams include NIFL Championship sides Coagh United FC and FC Dergview.
- Rugby union is very popular in the county. Dungannon RFC is one of only three Ulster teams that played in the All Ireland League One. Other teams include Omagh RFC, Clogher Valley RFC, RFC Cook and Strabane RFC.
Notable people
- Ryan Dolan – Before Ireland at the Eurovision Song Contest in 2013.
- Philomena Begley, Irish country singer
- James E. Boyd, seventh governor of Nebraska [19]
- Paul Brady, musicians.
- William Burke, 1792-1829, grave robbers and murderers
- Peter Canavan, former All Ireland winning Tyrone captain and top scorer in the Ulster Senior Football Championship.
- William Carleton (1794-1869), author
- Darren Clarke, a professional golfer.
- Tom Clarke, the Irish Republican and leader of the 1916 Easter Rising
- Janet Devlin, soul and pop performer and contestant on The X Factor (UK)
- Brian Dooher, former captain of the Tyrone senior football team.
- Hugo Duncan, singer and presenter on BBC Radio.
- John Dunlap (1747-1812), publisher of the first American newspaper, the Pennsylvania Packet in 1784, although the printer of the US Declaration of Independence.
- Brian Friel, playwright and director
- Aaron Hughes, the current captain of Northern Ireland football team and also plays for Fulham.
- John Hughes (1797-1864), born in Annaloghan, first Archbishop of the Catholic Diocese of New York. [20]
- Martin Hurson, Irish Republican died on hunger strike in Long Kesh prison in in 1981.
- Ryan Kelly, the singer with Celtic Thunder “Ryan Kelly”. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
- Professor Dr. Patrick Gerald “Gerry” McKenna (born 1953), professor of human biology and genetics, (New) University of Ulster (1979-1984);Director, Biomedical Sciences Research Centre (1985-1988); Dean, Faculty of Science (1994-1997); Rector and President (1999-2005);Chairman Emeritus and honorary executive secretary, heads the University Centres of Biomedical Science (2011-present); Chair, University Centres of Biomedical Science (1995-1997) [21] [22]
- Benedict Kiely (1919-2007), writer and programs
- William McMaster (1811-1887), founder of the Canadian Bank of Commerce and namesake of McMaster University
- Typhoid Mary (1869-1938), better known as Typhoid Mary
- WF Marshall (1888-1954), “The Bard of Tyrone,” Presbyterian minister, author and poet, creator of one of Northern Ireland’s most popular dialect poems “Me an ‘Me Da’, and many others in the same spirit, a lecturer at Magee College Derry and leading authority on the Mid Ulster English.
- Thomas Mellon, founder of Mellon Bank, now Bank of New York Mellon
- Flann O’Brien, 1911-1966, writer
- Dominic Ó Mongain (1715-1800?), Poet and harpist. [23] Cláirseach
- Thomas Porter, a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.
- Victor Sloan MBE, visual artist
- Ivan Sproule, football player for Bristol City FC
- Dennis Taylor, former World Snooker champion.
- Sylvia Hermon, MP for North Down, born in Galbally, County Tyrone
- Jimmy Cricket, Comedian
- Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone (c 1550 -. July 20, 1616)
See also
- References Abbey and priories in Northern Ireland (County Tyrone)
- High Sheriff of Tyrone
- List of civil parishes in County Tyrone
- List of places in County Tyrone
- List of townlands in County Tyrone
- Lord Lieutenant of Tyrone
- Ulster American Folk Park
- The Shore Moorlough
- Jump up ^ Cookstown.gov.uk Archive 27 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
- Jump up ^ “North-South Ministerial Council 2010 Annual Report Ulster Scots” (PDF) .Hämtad 18 January 2013.
- Jump up ^ “North-South Ministerial Council: Annual Report 2006 in Ulster Scots” (PDF) .Hämtad 18 January 2013.
- Jump up ^ “Dungannon and South Tyrone Borough Council”.Dungannon.gov.uk. Hämtad18 January 2013.
- Jump up ^ Art Cosgrove (2008); “A New History of Ireland, Volume II: Medieval Ireland 1169-1534”. Oxford University Press.
- Jump up ^ For the 1653 and 1659 figures from the Civil Survey Census of those years, the paper Mr. Hardinge Royal Irish Academy, March 14, 1865.
- Jump up ^ “Census of record 1821 figures.”. Cso.ie. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- Jump up ^ “Histpop.org”. Histpop.org. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- Jump up ^ “Nisranews.gov.uk”. Nisranew.nisra.gov.uk. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
- Jump up ^ Lee, JJ (1981). “On the accuracy of pre-famine Irish censuses”. In the Gold Strom, JM; Clarkson, LA Irish population, economy and society: Essays in Honour of the late KH Connell. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
- Jump up ^ Mokyr, Joel; O Smooth, Cormac (November 1984). “New Developments in the Irish population history, 1700-1850”. The Economic History Review. 37 (4) :. 473-488 doi: 10.1111 / j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x.
- ^ Jump up to: abc “Description of the County Tyrone Atlas and Cyclopedia Ireland (1900).” Library of Ireland. Retrieved 24 February 2009.
- Jump up ^ Mccavitt, John. The Flight of the Earls . Gill & MacMillan, 2002. p.143-44
- Jump up ^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Irland.pp. 186-191. ISBN 0-340-89695-7.
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- Jump up ^ “All aboard! Dungannon railway hopes revived. “ Newline in at position 36 (help) | title =
- Jump up ^ Tyrone GAA team has won the Ulster Senior Championship on eight occasions during the 20th century
- Jump up ^ “Kansas Governor Walter Roscoe Stubbs.” National Governors Association. Retrieved 29 September 2012.
- Jump up ^ who was who in America historical volume, 1607-1896.Chicago, IL: Marquis Who’s Who. In 1963.
- Jump up ^ http://www.gerrymckenna.co.uk
- Jump up ^ http://www.debretts.com/people-of-today/profile/35837/Patrick-Gerald-(Gerry)-McKENNA
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- Hugh O’Neill, Earl of Tyrone (Aodh Mór O Neill), c.1550-1616, Irish leaders during nine years of war
- Arthur O’Neill (c.1737-1816) was a traveling blind Irish harpist, a virtuoso player of the Irish harp or