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Wicklow Head is a promontory near the southeastern edge of the city Wicklow County Wicklow, approximately 3 km from the center of town.

Geographically, the most easterly point on mainland Ireland.

See also 

• Lambay Island
• Extreme Points in Ireland – at the entry points in each direction around Ireland

This is a  list of national parks in Ireland  .

The table below shows the name of the national park and in which county Ireland it is located. The first park that was established in Ireland, Killarney is located in County Kerry in 1932. Since then, five more national parks have been opened; the latest being Ballycroy in County Mayo. The smallest is the Burren National Park in The Burren in County Clare is located on only 15 km ²  in size.

See also

• Conservation in Ireland
• National Parks in Northern Ireland

References

1. Jump up ^ Ballycroy National Park website
2. Jump up ^ / National Parks & Wildlife Service News

Richard Cassels (1690-1751), who anglicised his name to Richard Castle , ranked by Edward Lovett Pearce as one of the greatest architects working in Ireland in the 18th century. Cassel was born in 1690 in Kassel, Germany. Even German, his family was of French origin, derived from the Franco-Netherlandish ‘You Ry’ family, known to many architects among their number. A cousin Simon, you Ry designed Schloss Wilhelmshöhe in Kassel.

Early work

Richard Cassels, who originally trained as an engineer, came to Ireland in 1728 on behalf of Sir Gustav Hume County Fermanagh designing the Hume a mansion on the shores of Lough Erne. Hume had probably discovered Cassels works in London, where he was influenced by the circle of architects influenced by Lord Burlington. Cassels, shortly after arriving in Ireland, established a thriving architectural practice in Dublin. Architecturally at the time Dublin was an exciting place to be – Edward Lovett Pearce, also newly established in the city, working at Castletown House, the grand mansion of Speaker William Connolly, and the new Irish Houses of Parliament the same time. Both of these buildings were designed in the recently introduced Palladian style. Palladian architecture was currently enjoying a revival that would sweep across Europe and adopted with a glow in Ireland. Cassels was well versed in the concepts of Palladio and Vitruvius, but was also in favor of more baroque style.

In Dublin itself Cassels worked at the Houses of Parliament with Pearce, his mentor and friend. Cassels’ first solo mission was Printing House in Trinity College, to resemble a temple complete with a Doric portico. This portico was an interesting feature that symbolizes Cassels’ early works – a portico is an almost essential feature of Palladian architecture. But that Cassel’s work matured, he tended to just suggest a portico by semi-attached columns supporting a pediment as the focal point of a facade. Perhaps he felt the great Italian arcades that gave protection from the sun is not provided for the house in less clement Ireland. This blind, only suggested, the portico part of his last Dublin masterpiece Leinster House was built for the Earl of Kildare between 1745 and 1751. In 1741 he designed the Bishop’s Palace which is now part of the Waterford Treasures – three museums in the Viking Triangle, Waterford, Ireland. A comparison of the Printing House and Leinster House shows the development of the true Palladian style to, usually called, Georgian style in Ireland in the quarter century that Dublin would almost rebuilt.

Premature death of Edward Lovett Pearce, aged 34, in 1733, did Cassels Ireland’s leading architect working in the coveted Palladian style. He immediately adopted all Pearce’s mission and thus began designing a series of lavish mansions. After completion of the Houses of Parliament, it appeared to have been a rush of aristocracy to build a series of new townhouses in the same style and Cassels was often the first choice for the architect. This led to the creation of what came to be called Georgian Dublin.

For his exteriors he used a Palladian style that was distinctive for its strength and sobriety. In this he seems to have been influenced by Pearce and even James Gibbs. But when it came to the interiors, Cassels gave free rein to his love for the more continental baroque. The walls were covered with stucco reliefs, ceiling medallions and motifs of plaster segments moldings and carvings, in an almost rococo style peculiar to Ireland.

Notable works

Some of the finest works of Cassels starts are listed below. ( Date often varies from one source to another )

Trinity College, the Printing House

This perfect little Doric temple, completed in 1734, and is believed to be Cassels’ first major solo work. A four-columned portico of Doric columns projected from severe rusticated building and the whole is only the width of the portico. ( This building is sometimes attributed to Edward Lovett Pearce ).

Carton House (1739)

Main article: Carton House

Cassels made major changes to Carton House in Kildare from 1739 to 1745 for the Earl of Kildare. The resulting facade was in his usual restrained and symmetrical style. The large garden facade ends medvenetianska windows at each end, while in the center, is a single storey portico so restrained as to be almost a porch. The roof line is hidden by a balustrade, is broken by a pediment supported over the central Gulf. The interior is a riot of plaster-work ornamentation. The Lafranchini brothers, known for its plaster-work, performed some of his finest work here, and would work again with Cassels on Russborough.

The Conolly Folly

The Conolly Folly designed by him and built in 1740 as a park ornament for Castletown House.

Russborough House (1742)

Main article: Russborough House

Russborough was designed by Cassels Joseph Leeson, 1st Earl of Milltown. It was built between 1741 and 1755. A central block containing the main rooms are flanked by curved and segmented colonnades leading to two symmetrical service building. The main entrance, in the center of one of Cassels brand “suggested” engineer, is on a raised piano nobile. It is reached by a wide staircase. The main feature of the interior is rococo plaster-work and ceiling, again by the master stuccoists Paul and Philip Lanfrachini; and ornate carved marble fireplaces, all contrasting with the austerity of the exterior.

Summer House (1731)

Summer House was a large Palladian mansion in County Meath originally Pearce, who died before the project began. Cassel took over the project and was responsible for Rococo interiors. The building was damaged by fire in 1920 and finally demolished in the 1970s.

Power House (1741)

Powers House, Wicklow, was a large country house, originally a 13th century castle, which was completely rebuilt by Cassels, beginning in 1730 and ending in 1741. The demesne was about 850 acres (3.4 km ² ). The three-storey building had at least 68 rooms. The entrance was (18 m) long and 60 feet (12 meters) 40 feet wide where family heirlooms appeared. The main reception rooms were on the first floor instead of the more typical on the ground floor. King George IV was the guest of Richard Wingfield, 5th Viscount Powers in August 1821. ^[1] Mervyn Wingfield, 7th Viscount Powers inherited the title and Powerscourt, which consisted of 49,000 acres (198 km ²) of land in Ireland, at age 8 in 1844 . When he turned 21, he began an extensive reonovation of the house and created new gardens. Inspiration for the garden design followed visits by Powers to ornamental gardens at the Palace of Versailles, Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna and Schwetzingen Palace Heidelberg .Trädgården development took 20 years to complete in 1880. The commanding hilltop Cassels deviated slightly from his usual dark style, to give the house something of what John Vanbrugh would have called “air castle” – a severe palladian facade ends with two circular domed towers. The house was destroyed by fire in 1974 when it was owned by the Slazenger family and renovated in 1996. In the 1830s, the house was a place for a number of conferences on unfulfilled prophecies of the Bible, attending men like John Nelson Darby and Edward Irving. These conferences held under the auspices of Theodosia Wingfield Powers, then widow Lady Powers.

Tyrone House (1740)

Cassels designed this Dublin house for Marcus Beresford, Earl of Tyrone in Marlborough Street between 1740 and 1745. Less than Power House is said to be the first significant aristocratic houses to be built in the northern part of the city. There are good examples of Cassels’ robust sober style. The central Venetian window above the main entrance is the only example of decoration or frivolity to this dramatic severe facade.

Leinster House (1745)

Main article: Leinster House

The house was originally known as Kildare House after James Fitzgerald, the Earl of Kildare, who ordered Cassels to build it between 1745 and 1747. Intended to be Dublin’s magnificent mansion, the result could not have been disappointed Kildare. It is said that another Irish architect James Hoban, later copied facade Leinster House for his design of the White House in Washington (also Castle Coole designed by James Wyatt bears a closer resemblance).

Rotunda Hospital (1757)

Originally the main BB Dublin, it was redesigned by Cassels which converted it to a Palladian palaces, complete with a rotunda that gives the hospital its name.

Watertown House, Westmeath

Built for Gustaf Handcock-Temple in the 1740s. The house was three floors over basement and seven bays wide, was built of brick with stone facing.Cassel’s work includes a pigeon, (almost identical to Killiney Hill Obelisk) walled gardens, courtyard and grotto. The front facade was seven bays wide and three stories high over a basement. The house was abandoned in 1923. It was sold for scrap in 1928 when most of the house was demolished. ^[2]

Westport House, Mayo.

Built Browne, Westport House is a beautifully located two floors above the basement ashlar stone house overlooking Clew Bay in County Mayo. Cassel decided to move the village of Westport to improve the outlook from the house in öster.Det original house was quite small and was later extended by others.

Succession to Ireland

Richard Cassels died in 1751. His legacy is that he gave Ireland a distinct type of Palladian architecture all their own, to be fully appreciated one must consider the buildings simultaneously externally and internally, the restrained, even severe, but still large external facades, which does not jar the eye of the Irish landscape, gives no hint of flamboyance, even wild rococo opulence within. This is almost nowhere else in Europe, the cold grandeur of England’s finest Palladian mansions Kedleston Hall and Holkham Hall could not be removed further from the joy and the movement of the interior of one of Richard Cassels’s Irish Palladian interiors.

See also

• Ballyhaise House
• Bellinter House
• Hazelwood House, Sligo

References

1. Jump up ^ Dooley, Terence (2001). The decline in the large house in Ireland. Wolfound Press Ltd. ISBN 0-86327-850-7.
2. Jump up ^ ‘Water: the rise and fall of a south Westmeath property “by Richard Coplen.

Russborough House is a stately house is located near the Blessington Lakes in County Wicklow, Ireland, between the towns of Blessington and Ballymore Eustace and is said to be the longest house in Ireland, with a facade measuring 210 m / 700 ft. It is an example of Palladian architecture, designed by Richard Cassels for Joseph Leeson, 1st Earl of Milltownoch built between 1741 and 1755. The interior of the house contains some ornate plasterwork on the ceilings of the Lafranchini brothers, who also collaborated with Cassels on Carton House.

History

The Leeson family has its origin in Northamptonshire and had moved to Ireland in the second half of the 17th century. A sizable fortune made in brewing and property in Dublin on to Joseph Leeson, who bought the land at the former Russell Town. He became an MP and was made Earl of Milltown 1763. ^[1]

Russborough House was designed for Joseph Leeson Richard Cassels and was built between 1741 and 1755. It remained in the possession of the Earl of Milltown until the sixth jarlen.På death of his widow in 1914 it passed to a nephew, Edmund Turton, who rarely stopped. In Turton’s death in 1929, his widow sold the house to the Captain Denis Bowes Daly, 1931. Sir Alfred and Lady Beit bought Russborough in 1952 from Captain Daly to house his art collection and in 1976 established Alfred Beit Foundation to administer egendomen.Stiftelsen opened the historic mansion and its collections to the Irish public in 1978. Beit died in 1994, but the Lady Beit remain in the home for his own death in 2005. ^[1]

On 7 February 2010, a fire severely damaged the west wing and caused part of the roof to collapse. No art was damaged, deleted, along with furniture to allow for restoration of the west wing. Initial investigations of the damage suggested an electrical fault from the pipes in the ceiling may have triggered the fire. ^[2]

In recent years, locally advertised Farmers Markets have been held on a regular basis in the grounds of the house.

Art Collections

Russborough has housed two art collections, begun with the Milltown estate, whose collection was donated to the National Gallery of Ireland by the widow of the sixth Earl.

Sir Alfred Beit bought the house in 1952, where he housed his own family collection of the works of many great artists, including Goya, Vermeer, Peter Paul Rubens and Thomas Gainsborough. This collection then stolen four times: in 1974 by an IRA gang, including British heiress Rose Dugdale, ^[3] in 1986 by Martin Cahill (nicknamed “The General”); 2001 and 2002 by Martin Cahill associate Martin Foley. Two paintings, Gainsborough’s Madame Bacelli and Vermeer’s Lady writing a letter with her Maid , the latter is probably the most valuable painting in the collection, were stolen twice of theft, even though each subsequently recovered (the latter in 1993, the same year as the recovery of Goya portrait of Dona Antonia Zarate ^[4] ). Beit collection has donated many of his works to the State but significant proportion of the paintings have been returned and made available for viewing by the owners, Alfred Beit Foundation. Other paintings have returned four Joseph Vernet paintings titled “Morning”, “Midday”, “Sunset” and “Night’- these actually painted Russborough in the 1750s and had stayed in the house for most of the last 260 years .

popular culture

Russborough House was used as a setting in the 2011 movie Haywire .

Russborough House was used as a setting in the 2016 film Love & Friendship , directed by Whit Stillman. ^[5]

It was featured in Travel Channel mysteries of the castle , retells the story of the 1974 art robbery.

See also

• Palladian architecture
• Blessington
• Poulaphouca Reservoir

Notes

1. ^ Jump up to: ^ab “Russborough County Wicklow CONSERVATION PLAN” (PDF). Pulled 12/18/2012.
2. Jump up ^ Russborough House damaged in the fire, the Irish Times,February 8, 2010. Taken presented on 26 August 2010.
3. Jump up ^ “No regrets for renegade IRA art robbers Rose Dugdale”. Irish Independent.
4. Jump up ^ Dolnick, Edward. “How Ireland regained its Vermeer”. The Times , 31 July 2005. Retrieved on 24 May 2009.
5. Jump up ^ . McGrath, Meadhbh (27 May 2016) “” I loved places, they were perfect for us “- the director Whit Stillman talks filming Love & Friendship in Ireland”. Irish Independent. Retrieved July 15, 2016.

Glendalough (/ ˌ ɡ l ɛ nd ə l ɒ x /; Irish: Gleann DA Loch , meaning “Valley of two lakes”) is a glacial valley in County Wicklow, Ireland, known for an early medieval monastic founded in the 6th century by St Kevin.

History

Kevin, a descendant of one of the ruling families in Leinster, studied as a boy under the care of three holy men, Eoghan, Lochan and Eanna. During this time he went to Glendalough. He would return later, with a small group of monks to found a monastery where the ‘two rivers form a confluence’. Kevin’s writings discuss his fighting “knights” at Glendalough; Researchers now believe that this refers to the process of self-examination and his personal temptations. ^[1] His fame as a holy man spread and he attracted many followers. He died in about 618th For six centuries afterwards, Glendalough flourished and the Irish Annals contain references to the death of abbots and raids on the settlement. ^[2]

Around 1042, the oak wood from Glendalough used to build the second longest (30 m) Viking longship ever recorded. A modern copy of the ship was built in 2004 and is currently located in Roskilde, Denmark. ^[3]

At the Synod of Rath Breasail in 1111, Glendalough was named one of the two pins in the North Leinster.

The Book of Glendalough was written about 1131st

St. Laurence O’Toole, born in 1128, became the abbot of Glendalough and was well known for his holiness and hospitality. Even after his appointment as Archbishop of Dublin in 1162, he returned occasionally to Glendalough, to the solitude of St. Kevin bed. He died in Eu in Normandy in 1180. ^[2]

During 1214, the pins in Glendalough and Dublin were. From this point, cultural and ecclesiastical status Glendalough declined. The destruction of the settlement of the English forces in 1398 left it a ruin, but it continued as a church of local importance and a place of pilgrimage.

Glendalough features on the 1598 map “A Modern Display of Ireland, one of the British Isles” by Abraham Ortelius’ Glandalag “.

Descriptions of Glendalough from the 18th and 19th centuries include references to times of “riotous assembly” on the feast of St. Kevin on 3 June.^[2]

The current remaining in Glendalough tell only a small part of its history.The monastery in its heyday included workshops, areas for manuscript writing and copying, apartments, an infirmary, farm buildings and housing for both monks and lay a large population. The buildings that survive probably date from between the 10th and 12th centuries. ^[2]

regular see

Glendalough is currently a full view of the Catholic Church. It is used for bishops who hold no ordinary power of their own and thus are titular Bishop.^[4]

titular Bishop

• Raymond D’Mello (20 December 1969 -13 December 1973)
• Marian Przykucki (December 12, 1973 to June 15, 1981)
• Donal Murray (4 March 1982-10 February 1996)
• Diarmuid Martin (5 December 1998 – October 14, 2014)
• Guy Sansaricq (6 June 2006 – August 16, 2014) ^[4]

annalistic references

See Annals of Inisfallen (AI)

• AI800.2 Minndenach, abbot of Glenn dá Locha, rested.
• AI809.2 Échtbrann, abbot of Glenn dá Locha [rested].
• AI1003.6 Dúnchad Ua Mancháin, abbot of Glenn dá Locha, rested.

Monuments in Lower Valley

Gateway

Gateway to the monastery town of Glendalough is one of the most important monuments, now totally unique in Ireland. It was originally two floors with two fine granite arch. The antae or protruding walls at each end indicates that it had a wooden roof. Inside the gate, in the west wall, is a cross-inscribed stone. This designated sanctuary, the limit of the area refuge. Paving of the causeway in the monastery town are still preserved in part, but very little remains of the enclosure wall. ^[2]

The Round Tower

This fine tower built of mica-schist interspersed with granite is approximately 30 meters high, with an entrance hall 3.5 meters from the base. The conical roof was built in 1876 using the original stones. The tower originally had six hours floors connected by ladders. The four floors above the main floor, each lit by a small window; while the upper floors are four windows facing the cardinal points of the compass. round towers, landmarks for approaching visitors, was built as a bell tower, but also served on occasion as a store-house and as safe havens in times of attack. ^[2]

cathedral

The largest and most impressive of the buildings at Glendalough, the cathedral had several phases of construction, at the earliest, consisting of the current nave with its antae. The large mica-schist rocks that can be seen up to the height of the square-headed west doorway was reused from a previous smaller church. The chancel and sacristy are from the late 12th and early 13th centuries. The chancel arch and east window was nicely decorated, although many of the stones are now missing. The north door of the nave is also from this period. According south window in the chancel is an ambry or wall cupboard and a piscina, a basin used for washing the sacred vessels. A few meters south of the cathedral an early cross of local granite, with a unpierced ring, commonly known as St. Kevin’s Cross. ^[2]

Priests’ House

Almost completely reconstructed from the original stones, built on a 1779 sketch made by Beranger, the priests’ house a small Romanesque building, with a decorative bow at the east end. It gets its name from the practice of the Inter Ring priests there in the 18th and 19th centuries. Its initial purpose is unknown, although it may have been used to house relics of St.Kevin. ^[2]

St. Kevin Church or “kitchen”

This stone roof building originally had only one ship, with the entrance in the west and a little round-headed window in the east gable. The upper part of the window can be seen in what became the chancel arch, while the chancel (now missing) and the sacristy were added later. The steep roof formed by the overlapping blocks, is a carrier of a semicircular arch. Access to the cottage or the roof chamber was through a rectangular opening to the western part of the vault. Church also had one hour the first floor. The bell tower with its conical lid and four small windows rising from the western part of the stone ceiling in the form of a miniature circular tower. ^[2]

St. Ciarán’s (Kieran’s) Church

The remains of this ship-and-cows church discovered in 1875. The church celebrates probably St. Ciarán (Kieran), the founder of Clonmacnoise, a monastic settlement that had associations with Glendalough in the 10th century. ^[2]

St Marys or Our Lady’s Church

One of the earliest and most made of churches, Mary or Our Lady’s Church consists of nave with a recent cows. Its granite west door with an architrave has inclined jambs and a massive lintel. In front of the lintel is inscribed with an unusual saltire or x-shaped cross. East windows are round-headed, with a hood molding and carved two very worn heads on the outside. ^[2]

Trinity Church

A simple nave-and-chancel church, with a fine chancel arch. Trinity Church is located next to the main road. A square-headed doorway in the west side leads to a later annexe, possibly a sacristy. A round tower or bell tower was built in a vault in this chamber. This fell in a storm in 1818. The door into the south wall of the nave also originates from this period. Protruding brackets on the ends would have carried the border joists in the ceiling. ^[2]

St. Saviour church

The latest of Glendalough churches, the St. Saviour built in the 12th century, probably at the time of St. Laurence O’Toole. Nave and chancel with its fine decorating stones were restored in the 1870s with the help of stones found at the site. The Romanesque chancel arch has three orders, with very ornate capitals. The east window has two round head lights. Its decorated features include a snake, a lion, and two birds holding a human head between its beak.A staircase in the eastern wall leading from a neighboring domestic building would have given access to a room above the choir. ^[2]

Monument near Upper Lake

Reefert Church

Located in a grove of trees, this ship-and-cows church dates from around 1100. Most of the surrounding walls are modern. The name comes from Righ Fearta , the burial place of kings. The church was built in a simple style, has a granite doorway with sloping side panels and the flat piece and a granite cross bow. The protruding brackets at each end by Verge timber for the roof.East of the church there are two intersections of note, one with a utarbetadinterlace patterns. On the other side of Poulanass River, near the Reefert are the remains of another small church. ^[2]

St. Kevin Cell

Built on a rocky spur of the lake, this stone structure was 3.6 meters in diameter with walls 0.9 meters thick and a doorway on the east side. Only the foundations survive today and it is possible that the cell had a stone Corbelled roof, similar to the beehive huts on Skellig Michael, County Kerry.^[2]

The “Caher”

This stone walls circular enclosure on flat land between the two lakes is 20 meters in diameter and is of unknown date. Nearby are several intersections, apparently used as stations on the pilgrimage. ^[2]

Temple-na-Skellig and St. Kevin bed

This small rectangular church on the southern shore of the Upper Lake is accessible only by boat, through a series of steps from the bridge. West of the church is a raised platform with stone walls, where the residential huts probably stod.Kyrkan, partly built in the 12th century, has a granite doorway with inclined jambs. At the eastern end is a Latin cross inscribed with several common grave slabs and three small crosses. Nearby is St. Kevin’s bed, a cave in the rock about 8 meters above the level of Upper Lake and said a retreat of St. Kevin and later to St. Laurence O’Toole. Partly artificial, driven back 2 meters into the mountain. ^[2]

Geography

The valley was formed during the last ice age by glaciers that left a moraine valley mouth. The Poulanass river, which plunges into the valley from the south, creating a delta, which eventually awarded the original lake in two. ^[5]

Vegetation and Natural Resources

Glendalough is surrounded by semi-natural oak forest. A large part of this previously coppiced (cut to the base at regular intervals) to produce wood, charcoal and bark. In spring, the Oakwood floor covered with a display avblåklockor, sorrel and wood anemones. Other common plants are wood rush, bracken, fern ferns and various species of mosses. The bottom is largely of holly, hazel and ash.

In the western part of Upper Lake lie the ruins of an abandoned mining village normally only be reached on foot. The mining of lead took place here from 1850 until about 1957, but the mines in the valley of Glendalough were smaller and less important than those around Glendasan Valley, from where they are separated by Camaderry Mountain. 1859 the Glendasan Glendalough mines and interconnected by a series adits, now flooded, through the rock.This made it easier to transport ore from Glendalough and process it there.

Wildlife

Glendalough is a good place to look for some of Ireland’s newest breeding species, such as the mergansers and great spotted woodpecker, and some of the most rare, such as the redstart and wood warbler, peregrine, dipper, cuckoo, Jay ochormvråk can also be seen. ^[6]

Recreation

There are many hiking trails of varying difficulty around Glendalough. In the valley itself are nine color-coded hiking trails maintained by the Wicklow Mountains National Park. They all begin at an information office close to Upper Lough where maps are available. There are also a number of guided walking options.

The Wicklow Way, a long distance waymarked footpath, passes through Glendalough on its way from Rathfarnham in the north to the southernmost point of Clonegal in County Carlow.

Mountaineering Glendalough’s granite rock, located on the hillside above the northwest part of the valley, has been a popular rock-climbing spot since the first climb was established in 1948. The current guidebook, published in 1993, lists about 110 lines, on all grades up to E5 / 6a, but many more climbs, mainly in the higher grades, have been recorded since then. ^[7]

The climb varies between one and four slots, and up to over 100 meters in length. There are several sectors:

• Twin Buttress , a major pillar divided in the middle of a seasonal waterfall, which contains the most popular climbs. This area is accessed via a zigzag path at the head of the valley.
• The upper Cliffs , a band of rocks high up on the hillside east of the Twin Buttress.
• Acorn Buttress, a small buttress just below the Twin Buttress, which is a popular base camp location.
• Hobnail Buttress , a small pillar with some easy climbing, on the hillside one kilometer to the east.

The quality of climbing along with various grades attracts climbers of all levels to Glendalough, and make it a favorite destination for climbers Dublin in particular. The Irish’s Club has worked a climbing hut in the area since the 1950s. Below the cliff is an extensive boulder field. This is a popular place for bouldering activities, ^[8] the blocks within the reach of the path is especially popular.

Gallery

• St. Kevin’s Church, Glendalough, Co. Wicklow, Ireland 2012
• Lower Lake.
• Upper Lake.
• Round Tower.
• St. Kevin church
• 1949 Irish shilling stamp Vox Hiberniae flying over Gleann Da Loc .
• Upper Lake and Valley
• The Round Tower at Glendalough.
• St. Kevin Church on the coat of arms of County Wicklow
• Glendalough (1890)
• Glendalough Gatehouse
• St. Kevin, Glendalough
• St Kevin B
• Glendalough (2011)

See also

• Abbot of Glendalough
• Bishop of Glendalough
• Irish round tower
• Saint Kevin
• List of abbeys and priories in Wicklow

References

1. Jump up ^ Glendalough
2. ^ Jump up to: ^{abcdefghijklmnopq} tourist Glendalough, Produced by “The Office of Public Works’ (Oifig na nOibreacha Poibli), Glendalough, County Wicklow.
3. Jump up ^ “Havhingsten fra Glendalough (Skuldelev 2), trans. Sea Stallion from Glendaloug “. Retrieved 14 December 2011.
4. ^ Jump up to: ^ab Catholic hierarchy List of titular Bishop of Glenndálocha
5. Jump up ^ Nairn, Richard (2001). Discovering Wild Wicklow.Townhouse and houses. p. 8. ISBN 1-86059-141-8.
6. Jump up ^ BirdWatch Ireland Irish Birds Vol.7 (2004-5) pp.377,542,547;Vol.8 (2006-9) p 101,103,253,257,367,369,574,576 .; Vol.9 (2010) p.69
7. Jump up ^ Lyons, Joe; Fenlon, Robbie (1993). Mountaineering Guide to Wicklow. Mountaineering Council of Ireland. ISBN 978-0-902940-11-6.
8. Jump up ^ TheShortSpan – Bouldering in Ireland

Greystones (Irish: Na Clocha Liatha ) is a coastal town and seaside resort in Wicklow, Ireland. It is located on the east coast of Ireland, 8 km (5.0 mi) south of Bray and 27 km (17 mi) south of Dublin, with a population of about 17,000. The town bordering the Irish Sea in the east, Bray Head in the north and the Wicklow Mountains to the west.

The town was named after one kilometer long gray rocks between the two beaches on the ocean. The port area and the railway station is on the northern and southern ends respectively. North Beach, which begins at the harbor, is a rocky beach and a portion of its length is overlooked by the southern cliffs of Bray Head, which is subject to erosion. South Beach is a wide sandy beach about one kilometer long. There is a Blue Flag beach and receives many visitors and tourists, mainly during the summer.

In 2008 Greystones named the world’s most liveable society “at the Awards in China. ^[1]

History

Greystones is south of the site of an ancient castle of the Barony of Rathdown. There was a small village, like the castle, was known as Rathdown, which appeared on a 1712 map. This site occupied an area now called the Grove, north of Greystones harbor, but only the ruins of a chapel, St. Crispin Cell survive. Greystones is a very recent settlement and first mentioned in Topographia Hibernica , a 1795 publication. It is described as a“noted fishing spot four miles outside Bray.”

In the early 19’s there were some families scattered around the harbor, Black, Wind Gates, Killincarrig and Rathdown. Delgany was a more extensive and longer-established village. However Greystones put on the map with the arrival of the railway in 1855, a difficult task carried out in consultation with Isambard Kingdom Brunel, the famous engineer. The train station was built on the line between the properties of two landowners; the La Touche family, Bellevue House (now in ruins, near Delgany), and Hawkins-Whitshed family Killincarrig House (now Greystones Golf Club). That gave contacts with Bray and Dublin, and left room for development on adjacent farms.

During the latter half of the 19th century, under the ownership of William Robert La Touche, Greystones “development momentum. North of the station, where Church Road, Victoria Road and Trafalgar Road and set many houses built in the years after the arrival of the railroad. After his father’s death, Elizabeth Hawkins-Whitshed was the sole heir of his property. In 1879, she married Frederick Gustavus Burnaby; a soldier, politician and travel. Burnaby died in battle in 1885, Elizabeth married twice, but the property continued to be called Burnaby Estate. In the early 20’s, began to Burnaby to expand the town on his side of the station, and the roads and houses in Burnaby has been developed and the population grew rapidly. The names of these two families remain well known today, with many roads and residential areas that bears their name.

Between 1885 and 1897, people Greystones campaign for a port to help the fishing industry and imports such as coal. The pier, dock, sea wall and boat slip left but has endured significant damage. In the early 20th century, the city felt the effects of coastal erosion (which is still a major problem); loss of fields and most of the houses on the North Beach Road , and costly internal relocation of the railway has all led to. In 1968, the old Kis to the lighthouse foundation added to the end of the pier.

At the end of World War II, cars and petrol became widely available, making Grey will gradually expand, filling the space between itself and outlying areas such as Black, Killincarrig and Delgany. But the popularity of the railroad declined; its existence is in danger in the 1980s, as government cutbacks reduced service only a few trains per day. During the 1990s, a revival with the arrival of the electrified DART from Bray, and a much more frequent schedule.

Grey has experienced a huge increase in its population since the 1970s with the construction of several large residential areas. A new development at Charles Country, just south of the city, including over 1,000 apartments. As of the 2006 census, the population in Greystones, including town and surrounding areas, amounting to 14,569 making it the second largest town in the county after Bray. ^[2]

Along with residential neighborhoods, the roads and facilities improved to cater for growth. The road between Greystones and Bray has expanded and realigned. A new two-lane road link (R774) connecting Greystones to N11 has been completed. The construction of a full interchange with the N11 has also been completed.

According to the 2006 census, Greystones Ireland’s largest church attendance as a part of the population (9.77%).

Transport

Road

Greystones is accessible from the N11 Dublin-Wexford road; a new interchange (Junction 11 on the N11) constructed near the Charles Country connecting to the city via a dual carriageway.

Rail

Greystones train station, which opened October 30, 1855 ^[3] is the southern terminus of the DART railway, a service that connects thirty stations along the east coast of Dublin. Iarnród Éireann diesel commuter and intercity trains also serve Greystones, connecting the city with Wicklow, Arklow, Gorey, Wexford, and Ross Euro in the south, and Dublin’s Connolly Station in the north.

Bus

Grey is served by 84, 184 and 84X Dublin Bus routes, while road 702 Aircoach service begins at Charles Country connecting the area with Dublin Airport.

Walk

Bray and Grey is associated with a Cliff Walk, which follows the route of the railroad around Bray Head. The walk is 6 km long and takes about two hours.^[4]

Policy

Greystones is part of South EP constituency and Wicklow Dáil constituency.In municipal Greystones has six councilors on Wicklow County Council, representing Greystones municipal district.

The following elected officials are based in and around Grey and Stone municipality:

TD

• Stephen Donnelly, TD (Ind)
• Simon Harris TD (FG)

County Councillors:

• Cllr. Gráinne McLoughlin (FK, Cathaoirleach of Greystones Municipal District)
• Cllr. Jennifer Whitmore (Ind, Leas-Cathaoirleach of Greystones Municipal District)
• Cllr. Tom Fortune (Ind)
• Cllr. Nicola Lawless (SF)
• Cllr. Derek Mitchell (FG)
• Cllr. Gerry Walsh (FF)

Future development

Marina

This would be a € 300 million redevelopment scheme for the port, to be built by the consortium Sispar (Sispar is a joint venture consortium of Sisk and Michael Cotter park development) of a public-private partnership with Wicklow County Council. This has been and remains an important current issue in the city. Objections centered on the privatization of public beach land without broad public understanding, ^[5] but the work began. The development was the introduction of a new port, 341 apartments, a 230 berth marina, a new public plaza and facilities for local sports clubs. ^[6]

If the granting of planning permission, was 6.210 submissions received from An Bord Pleanála on the original plans, which more than 6200 were objections. ^[7] Many of the objections came from outside the County Wicklow, according to a spokesman for Wicklow County Council. ^[8] many opposed the details of the plan at the same time accept the general idea. A hearing was held and the board asked the developers to make some changes that resulted in plans scaled down by about 10%. ^[9] Some 3700 objections were raised on these updated planer.Den August 9, 2007, the Board approved the final plans, while imposing 13 conditions for construction works, including preservation of public access to the Cliff Walk during the development period, strict guidelines when it comes to dust control, recycling of demolition materials and restrictions on operating hours and noise levels. The Board also ruled over a former inspector’s report, rather than allow an old unlicensed landfill to remain at the new apartments. ^{[9] [10]}

In February 2010 it was announced that the development of the port would be paused indefinitely because of conditions in the Irish property market. ^[11]

After the development was halted loans attributable to development transferred to NAMA. Sispar insisted that it needed the support of NAMA to finish the project. ^[12] in September 2012 it was reported that NAMA had written off € 50 is payable for the troubled development of Greystones Harbour. It turned out that it was not Sispar consortium but Sisk alone who controlled the loans. ^[13]

People

Greystones and its surroundings (including Delgany) is home to several celebrities including:

• Damien Rice; Musician
• Andrew Hozier-Byrne; Musician
• Éamon the Buitléar; wildlife filmmaker and naturalist.
• Reggie Corrigan; former professional rugby player, Irish team member and former most capped Leinster player of all time.
• Ronnie Drew of The Dubliners lived in Greystones.
• John L. Murray, Chief Justice of Ireland 2004-2011.
• George Hamilton; commentator for RTÉ television.
• Frank Kelly; the actor who portrayed Father Jack in Father Ted .
• Paul McNaughton; Former Swedish International Rugby players, as Leinster manager
• Sean FITZPATRICK; former chairman of Anglo Irish Bank ^[14]
• Stephen Donnelly; TD
• Amy Bowtell; Irish Female professional tennis player.
• Marten Toonder, artist, creator of Oliver B. Bumble
• Paul Dunne (golfer)

Sports

The compound football

The city is home to a successful association football club, Grey United, ^[15]which is based at the Woodlands near the southern beach. GUFC is the largest school / girls soccer club in the country, and has more than 700 members. ^[15] Perhaps the club’s most famous alumni are current Irish international Paul McShane. Another successful club, Grey AFC, located on “The Arch Field” just beside the railway bridge in the harbor. Five of their players have represented Ireland at various levels. Ian Horan, Chris Mason and Stephen McCann has represented the Irish Between the team and Stephen Roche and Richie O’Hanlon has represented the Irish Colleges team.The Saturday and Sunday both sides play in the top division in the Leinster Senior League

Badminton

St. Kilian’s Badminton Club plays in Shoreline Leisure Center on Mill Road every Thursday. Their website can be found at St. Kilian’s Club Badminton

Baseball

Greystones is home to Greystones Mariners Baseball Club, catering to all ages. Sailors adult team competing nationally and several of the players representing Ireland at the National baseball team.

Scalar

A lawn bowling club is located on Burnaby Park.

Cricket

Cricket returned to Greystones in 2012 with the formation of Greystones Cricket, a vibrant and family-oriented club that currently practice (networks) at Greystones RFC and play their home games at Greystones United FC grounds. They have three senior men’s team and a women’s team plays in the Leinster Cricket Union competitions, a Taverners and two junior teams.

Gaelic game

Éire Og Grey GAA Club is located on Mill Road, in the southern part of the city. The club has recently undergone an extensive renovation that saw the improvements made to the clubhouse, seats, lighting and parkeringsplatser.Det is now one of the most used club facilities in the Greystones area.

Golf

There are two 18-hole golf courses and a driving range in the city. Greystones Golf Club was founded in 1895 and allows for great views of the city, the landscape, and the Irish Sea. Charles Country Golf Club is newer, flatter and located by the sea. These places can be reached by walking from the train station. There are other courses within a short driving distance (less than eight km) Delgany, Glen of the Downs, Kilcoole, Druids Glen (just outside Kilcoole), Bray and Woodbrook.

Marine

Grey has many marine-based clubs including sailing and windsurfing, fishing, diving, rowing and Sea Scouts.

Grey Rowing Club was founded in 1920 and is still ongoing today.

Shore angling for cod and plaice on the beaches and the harbor attracts many people, especially during the summer. Swimming is popular in warmer weather, especially on the south shore. The coast is also suitable for jogging and hiking.

Rugby

Main article: Grey RFC

Tennis

Grey Lawn Tennis Club is a vibrant, active club with 12 lighted outdoor courts and a large clubhouse. Located on Mill Road, on the southern part of town near the rugby and GAA clubs regularly hosts regional and national competitions, has a large number of tennis activities and coaching opportunities for children and adults and runs a number of social events during the year.

Vänorts

See also: List of twin town in Ireland

Grey has twinning agreements with:

• Holyhead, Wales, UK. ^[16]

Religion

Greystones various Christian denominations in the town, with most divisions traditional Christianity represented. There is a Roman Catholic, ^[17]a Presbyterian, ^[18] an Anglican (Church of Ireland), ^[19] an evangelical, ^[20] and one Armenian Evangelical ^[21] church in Greystones. Carraig Eden Theological College is the main Pentecostal center for theological studies and ministerial training in Ireland, offering BTH and MTH degrees in applied theology ^[22] The majority of the residents are Roman Catholic, but Greystones is the city with the highest population of Protestants in Ireland with 9.77% of the population claiming to be the Church of Ireland (according to 2006 census).

Education and research

Grey has seven elementary schools:

• St. Kevin’s National School (Catholic, former Christian Brothers)
• St. Brigid’s National School (Roman Catholic)
• St. Laurence National School (Roman Catholic)
• Patrick’s National School (mostly Church of Ireland)
• Greystones Educate Together National School (Educate Together, non-denominational)
• Gaelscoil na gCloch Liath (inter-denominational, teaching given through the Irish language).
• Grey Community National School (non-denominational)

The city also has a Roman Catholic high school:

• St. David’s Holy Faith Secondary School is a public, co-educational school with about 500 students.

A church in Ireland, has been co-educational secondary school opened its doors in 2014 in Greystones; Temple Carrig School. Yet it is relatively common for local young people to attend schools in neighboring towns.

It is a Spanish school, school SEK-Dublin, the Belvedere Hall in Wind Gates.

Wicklow County Council manages a Carnegie library opposite Burnaby Park on Main Street (Church Road).

Entertainment

Grey has a number of entertainment facilities; Charles Country Sports and Entertainment Park which includes a skate park, several all-weather soccer and basketball courts and a playground. ^[23] A large number of gigs organized by local independent youth takes place, played by mostly local bands even if the international punk and hardcore acts have played in city. The Grey Theater, suitable for drama, dance, concerts and other events, is in the center and is complemented by Greystones Studios, which offers classes, performance space, rehearsal rooms and AV studios. ^[24]

Film and TV

• Ormonde cinema in Greystones, which closed in July 2007, with theFather Ted episode “The Passion of St. Tibulus “and also in an episode of Custer’s Last Standup . ^[25]
• Greystones featured as a backdrop for some scenes in the popular BBC series Ballykissangel .
• In the 1980s, many scenes from a series called “Rose of Dublin” filmed around the port area of Greystones.
• The city generally used in the Irish program Glenroe .
• The film Taffin starring Pierce Brosnan, was filmed in Greystones.
• Greystones in an episode of Dream Team , a Sky One football soap series.
• Parts of George Gently , a 2007 British detective-off of the BBC, was filmed around the harbor. Martin Shaw played in production, set in 1960s Britain (Northhumberland). Beach House pub was renamed “The Mariner Rest” for the occasion.
• The film Yesterday’s Children , starring Jane Seymour, was filmed in Greystones.

Economy

Greystones is home to several local companies that was founded in the city and is now recognized nationally. Happy Pear organic food companies, ^{[26] [27]}headquarters in their restaurant on the High Street, Goldfish.ie ^{[28] [29] [30]}telecommunications company headquartered in Church Road; and RTÉ Dragons’ Den -winning now Smart Storage. ^{[31] [32]} Although based in Porvoo is an international bottle top manufacturer Caps United, which has six production plants and 16 sales offices across Europe http://www.unitedcaps.com /.

Gallery

• Harbour and Little Sugar Loaf
• Street ~~ POS = TRUNC
• sea

See also

• List of towns and villages in Ireland

References

1. Jump up ^ “Greystones” the world’s most liveable society ”. ” Rte. 10 November 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
2. Jump up ^ “Table 14A people in every town of 1500 inhabitants and over classified by age” (PDF). CSO. Be checked out three February 2009.
3. Jump up ^ “Greystones and Delgany station” (PDF). Railscot – Irish Railways. Retrieved 8 September of 2007.
4. Jump up ^ Greenwood, Margaret; Connolly, Mark; Wallis, Geoff (2003).The Rough Guide to Ireland. London: Rough Guides. p. 158. ISBN 1-84353-059-7.
5. Jump up ^ http://www.indymedia.ie/article/86343
6. Jump up ^ The proposed development Greystones Harbour.com.Retrieved on 23 May 2006. Archive March 22, 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
7. Jump up ^ Proposal to the city € 300 Marina “serious shortcomings” the Irish Independent on 28 March 2006. downloaded the 24 May 2006.
8. Jump up ^ Grey Marine Plan generates 5,500 submissions Irish Times on 16 February 2006. Retrieved August 9, 2007.
9. ^ Jump up to: ^ab € 300m Greystones development to proceed RTÉ News 9 August 2007. Retrieved August 9 in 2007.
10. Jump up ^ Greystones development gets go-ahead the Irish Times, 9 August 2007. Retrieved August 9 in 2007.
11. Jump up ^ Greystones development break the Irish Times, 22 February 2010. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
12. Jump up ^ Burke, Roisin (8 April 2012). “NAMA now struggling to survive as Cotter € 1m sailing yacht”. Business. Dublin. Sunday Independent.
13. Jump up ^ Burke, Roisin (2 September 2012). “NAMA agree to debt reduction”. Business. Dublin. Sunday Independent.
14. Jump up ^ Heffernan, Breda (22 December 2012). “Sean Fitzpatrick was released on bail after facing new charges.” Irish Independent. Retrieved February 19, 2013.
15. ^ Jump up to: ^ab “Greystones United”. Grey United Football Club. Be checked out three February 2009.
16. Jump up ^ Williams, Ffion (18 January 2012). “Holyhead to officially twinned with Irishtown Greystones on Friday.” Bangor and Anglesey Mail. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
17. Jump up ^ “Welcome”. Greystones.dublindiocese.ie. January 30, 2006. Archived from the original on 5 April 2009. Retrieved February 3, 2009.
18. Jump up ^ “Welcome – Greystones Presbyterian Church”. Grey Presbyterian Church. Are downloaded February 2009.
19. Jump up ^ “Church of Ireland – a province of the Anglican Communion.”Ireland.anglican.org. Be checked out three February 2009.
20. Jump up ^ “Hillside Evangelical Church – Home.”Hillsideevangelicalchurch.ie. Be checked out three February 2009.
21. Jump up ^ Northern European Field Manager Philip McAlister. “Ireland † Nazarene Northern Europe Field”. Naznef.org. Archived from the original February 15, 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
22. Jump up ^ “Carraig Eden Theological College”. Retrieved 31 October of 2008.
23. Jump up ^ “Charles Country Sports and Recreational Park”. Wicklow Council. Archived from the original The 20 December 2007. Retrieved February 2, 2009.
24. Jump up ^ “Greystones Theatre”. Greystones Theatre. Are downloaded February 2009.
25. Jump up ^ “Custer’s Last Stand-Up TV programs – TV.com”. TV.com. Be checked out three February 2009.
26. Jump up ^ https://thehappypear.ie/
27. Jump up^ http://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/people/the-happy-pear-when-we-started-people-looked-at-us-with-pity-1.2506772
28. Jump up ^ http://www.goldfish.ie/
29. Jump up^ http://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/goldfish-ie-hooks-100k-per-annum-telecoms-deal-1.1349209
30. Jump up^ http://www.irishtimes.com/business/technology/ringing-in-new-era-for-corporate-communications-1.956054
31. Jump up ^ http://www.smartstorage.ie/
32. Jump up^ http://www.irishtimes.com/business/work/co-wicklow-based-smart-storage-to-create-60-new-jobs-1.2650899

Powerscourt (Irish: Eastát Chuirt a Phaoraigh ), located in Ennis, County Wicklow, Ireland, is a large country estate which is famous for its houses and gardens, today occupying 19 hectares (47 acres). The house, originally a 13th century castle, was extensively altered during the 18th century by German architect Richard Cassels, beginning in 1731 ^[1] and ends in 1741. A fire in 1974 left the house situated as a shell until it was renovated in 1996.

Today the farm is owned and operated by the Slazenger family, the founder and former owner of Slazenger sporting goods company. It is a popular tourist attraction, and includes a golf course, enAvoca Hand Weavers restaurant and an Autograph Collection Hotel.

History

13th century house

The original owner of the 13-century castle, was a man named La poet, who eventually anglicised to “Power.” The castle’s position was of strategic military importance since the castle’s owner can control access to the nearby Dargle, Glencree and Glencullen rivers.

The three-storey building had at least 68 rooms. The entrance hall, where family heirlooms were shown, was 18 meters (60 feet) long and 12 meters (40 feet) wide. The main reception rooms were on the first floor instead of on the ground floor, the more typical place. A mil long avenue of beech trees leads to the house.

18th century house

Power House was extensively altered during the 18th century by German architect Richard Cassels, beginning in 1731 and ending 1741st

On a commanding hill, Richard Cassels deviated slightly from his usual dark style, giving the house something of what John Vanbrugh would have called “castle air.” This is most noticeable in the structure difficult Palladian facade bookended by two circular domed towers.

King George IV was the guest of Richard Wingfield, fifth Viscount Powers in August 1821. In the 1830s, the house was a place for a number of conferences on unfulfilled prophecies of the Bible, attending men like John Nelson Darby and Edward Irving. These conferences held under the auspices of Theodosia Wingfield Powers, when the Dowager Lady Powers. Her letters and papers were published in 2004, including summaries avPowersprofetiska conferences. ^{[2] [3]}

19-century gardens

In 1844, at the age of eight, Mervyn Wingfield, 7th Viscount Powers inherited the title and Powerscourt, consisting of 200 square kilometers (49,000 acres) of land in Ireland. When he turned 21, he embarked on an extensive renovation of the house and created new gardens.

Main attractions due include the Tower Valley (with stone tower), Japanese gardens, winged horse statues, Triton Lake, pets cemetery, Dolphin Pond, walled gardens, Bamberg Gate and the Italian garden. Pepperpot Tower said to be designed after a favored 3-tumspepperpot Lady Wingfield. Of particular interest is the pets cemetery, whose tombstones have been described as “astonishingly personal”. ^{[ Citation needed ]}

Inspiration for the garden design followed visits by Powers to ornamental gardens at the Palace of Versailles, Schönbrunn Palace near Vienna, ochSchwetzingen Castle near Heidelberg. The garden development took 20 years to complete the 1880th

20’s fire and renovation

In 1961, the estate was sold by the 9th Viscount, Mervyn Patrick Wingfield, the Slazenger family, who still own it today. Wendy Slazenger, daughter of the late Ralph Slazenger, married 10 Viscount, Niall Mervyn Wingfield, 1962. Through their children, Hon. Anthony Mervyn Wingfield and Hon. Julia Wingfield, remains a strong relationship between the two families and Powerscourt.

The house was destroyed by fire in November 4, 1974 and then renovated in 1996. Only two rooms are open to the public as they once appeared while Powers had inhabitants, while the rest of the ground floor and the first floor is now a shop units.

In 2011, Lonely Planet voted Powers in the top ten houses in the world, while in 2014, the National Geographic listed Powers as No. 3 in the world’s top ten Gardens.

21st Century

Tara’s Palace Museum of Childhood

Tara’s Palace Museum of Childhood moved from Malahide Castle near Dublin to Power House in June 2011. The museum has dollhouses, miniatures, dolls, historical toys and Tara’s Palace, one of the largest dollhouse in the world, on a par with Fairy Castle at the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago, Illinois, and queen Mary’s Dolls’ House at Windsor Castle. ^{[ citation needed ]}

waterfall

Powerscourt and its surrounding valley is also owned by Powerscourt, even if the two sites are no longer directly connected. At 121 meters, it is the highest waterfall in Ireland. 1858 established the seventh Viscount Powers a deer park around the waterfall, resulting in the successful introduction of the Japanese Sika Ireland.

Regular bus service from Powers to the waterfall was discontinued in 2005, but during the high summer season, intermittent bus services are still available. The waterfall is seven kilometers from Ennis, and walk. While the distance is not insurmountable, can walking be dangerous because the road is narrow and lacks a shaft for long stretches.

A separate entrance fee is required for access to the waterfall, which range from € 3.50 (children) to € 5.50 (adults). ^[4]

Golfclub

Power Golf Club , located at Powerscourt in County Wicklow, Ireland, is home to two par 72, 18-hole courses: the East, which was first created, and the West. Both contain fast greens and undulating fairways, and they were over 6900 yards long. 1998 East Course hosted the PGA Championship Irish.^{[5] [6]}

popular culture

• The house was used as a filming location most famous in Stanley Kubrick’s Barry Lyndon , which was filmed there before the 1974 fire. ^{[Citation needed ]}
• The Slazenger family invited Lynn Garrison move its flights film unit, collection and airplane hangars, from Leixlip to Powersourt airfield in 1973. The collection would feature in Irish productions, including the Blue Max, Darling Lili, Zeppelin and Von Richthofen and Brown . It remained here until 1981. ^{[ citation needed ]}
• The farm was used as the background and the ancestral home of the “Artist” and Moll Flanders love interest in the film Moll Flanders . ^{[ Citation needed ]}
• 2002 version of The Count of Monte Cristo was filmed there. ^[7]
• David Copperfield was filmed there in 2000. ^{[ citation needed ]}
• Where is Jack? Filmed there in 1969. ^{[ citation needed ]}
• Outdoor scenes for 2005 movie The League of Gentlemen’s Apocalypse , which include William III of England (aka “Good King Billy”) is played by Bernard Hill and Queen Mary II, played by Victoria Wood. ^{[ Citation needed ]}
• A key scene from the 1981 film Excalibur , where Arthur is fighting Lancelot was filmed at the waterfall. ^{[ Citation needed ]}
• Power House is the ancestral home of the fictional Lord Francis Powers in David Dickinson series of novels about the Victorian detective (Goodnight Sweet Prince , Death and the Jubilee , death called to the Bar ).^{[ Citation needed ]}
• The gardens used to sign Celtic Woman’s Songs from the Heart DVD and TV special. ^{[ Citation needed ]}
• The Hallmark Channel original movie “Honeymoon for a” starring Nicollette Sheridan was filmed at the farm with the help of external scenes in the house and waterfall. ^[8] The film’s plot included a fight between the owners of “Castlewilde” (Powers) and local citizens concerned about the construction of a golf course, which has properties. ^[9]

References

1. Jump up ^ Power House & Gardens
2. Jump up ^ “You’ve Got Mail – Evangelicals now.” Retrieved July 20, 2016.
3. Jump up ^ Viscountess, Powers, Theodosia A. (1 January 2004). “The letters and papers of Lady Powers.”. Chapter two. Retrieved July 20, 2016 – via The Open Library.
4. Jump up ^ “Waterfall – Powerscourt”. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
5. Jump up ^ “Gibbons finds perfection in Powers”. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
6. Jump up ^ “Bernard Gibbons honored for service to the golf industry – Independent.ie”. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
7. Jump up ^ “The Count of Monte Cristo”. January 25, 2002 is taken. July 20, 2016 – via IMDb.
8. Jump up ^ e-power.ie. “Wicklow Film Commission – Filming in Ireland”. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
9. Jump up ^http://www.hallmarkchannelpress.com/pr/honeymoon/home

Ennis (historically Anna Kerry , from Irish: Áth na Sceire , which means “robust debt”) ^[2] is a village in County Wicklow, Ireland. It had a population of 1,811 at the census of 2011.

Place

The city is located on the Glencullen River in the foothills of the Dublin Mountains to the east of the island, just 5 minutes south of Dublin and the border about 24 km (15 mi) south of Dublin city center. The R117 road, colloquially called “The Twenty-One Bends’ connecting the city to the main N11 road to Dublin.Den 185 Dublin Bus route connects the village hours to Bray, the nearest large town. 44 Dublin Bus route connects the village with the Dublin city center.

History

The Protestant population of the village was the church in the grounds of Powers Demesne until 1859. Mervyn Wingfield, 7th Viscount Power built a new church, Saint Patrick in the village which was completed two years later, in 1861. This coincided with a massive renovation program that also established Italian gardens Powers . Viscount Powers claimed the old church after the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland Act of the Irish church 1869th The consequences were that only those with the right to be buried next to the old church in Demesne could claim these rights thereafter. ^[3]

Powerscourt, consisting of a large house and gardens today occupies 47 acres (190,000 m ² ), located near the city and is a popular tourist attraction. The extensive formal gardens form the basis of an 18th century Palladian house, designed by Richard Cassels, which was destroyed by fire in 1974, and was as a shell until extensive restoration was carried out in 1996. Powerscourt in the grounds of the estate at 121 meters, is the highest waterfall in Ireland. ^{[ citation needed ]}

Culture

Film

• The Powerscourt used for a place in the film The Count of Monte Cristo .
• Ennis was also the setting for some of the scenes in Laurence Olivier’s film of Henry V by William Shakespeare in 1944, and like many of the extras in the film
• Scenes of Into the West, a 1992 film starring Gabriel Byrne, was shot in the village.
• In the 2007 film PS I Love You , Ennis is the home site of Gerry Kennedy (played by Gerard Butler).
• The city also in the 2010 film Leap Year .

TV

The village has been set for many TV commercials. ^{[ Citation needed ]} From 1996 to 2001, along with Avoca, County Wicklow, played the host of the TV seriesBallykissangel . ^[4] On 16 March 2009, Meredith Vieira and Al Roker broadcast live Ennis for NBC’s Today Show .

People

• Rosanna Davison – former Miss World and the daughter of Chris de Burgh ^{[5] [6] [7]}

Transport

Bray and Ennis Railway was proposed in the 19th century to link the town of Bray. Some initial work was done, including building a bridge to carry the railway over the Dublin Corporation’s Vartry water main. Wicklow County Council recently removed a large part of the embankment of the road widening, but left the bridge, which is located opposite the ornate bridge carries the water main of Cooks River, a tributary of the River Dargle. The plan ran into financial difficulties, and the rails were lifted and sold off. ^[8]

Two Dublin Bus routes, 44 and 185, passes through the village.

Sports

There are two football clubs located in the village; Ennis School Boys / Girls Football Club has twenty teams playing in the minors levels, while Ennis Youth Club have several teams playing on adult and youth level. There is also a Gaelic football club in the village, as well as a boxing club. ^{[ Citation needed ]}

Religion

Strong ecumenical links have been forged over the years between the Roman Catholic parish of St. Mary and the Church of Ireland parish of St. Patrick Powers, both in the village Ennis and St Brigid’s Church of Ireland in nearby Kilbride. ^{[ Citation needed ]}

See also

• Powerscourt
• Powerscourt
• List of towns and villages in Ireland

References

1. Jump up ^ “Legal Ennis Town results”. Central Bureau of Statistics .2011.
2. Jump up ^ placental Database of Ireland (see archives)
3. Jump up ^ Dooley, Terence (2001). The decline in the large house in Ireland. Wolfound Press Ltd. ISBN 0-86327-850-7.
4. Jump up ^ “Ballykissangel”. Wicklow Film Commission.
5. Jump up ^ http://independent.ie/irish-news/ritz-sold-for-1m-and-debts-wiped-29313836.html
6. Jump up ^ http: // www.independent.ie/regionals/braypeople/news/rosanna-forced-to-rethink-marrakesh-birthday-plans-27634341.html
7. Jump up ^ http://independent.ie/regionals/braypeople/rosannas-cookbook-on-shelves-by-autumn-31037173 ^{[ dead link ]}
8. Jump up ^ Clare, Liam (2007). The Bray and Ennis Railway. Nonsuch Publishing, 73 Lower Leeson St, Dublin 2. ISBN 978-1-84588-593-9.

Avoca (Irish: Abhóca, former Abhainn Mhor , meaning “the great river”) is a small town near Arklow in Wicklow, Ireland. It is located on the River Avoca.

Avoca area has been associated with its famous copper mines for many years, the valley has been celebrated by Thomas Moore in the famous song “Meeting of the Waters”. The name of the song emanating from the meeting with the Avonmore and Avonbeg rivers, about two miles from the village of Avoca. The song is said to have been written under a tree, stump remains that the meetings.

Avoca is also known for its hand weaving, with Avoca Hand Weavers based there.

Avoca was once known as Newbridge. It later became known as Ovoca, and then in Victorian times as Avoca. Ptolemy mentions the river Obhoca on his early map of Ireland. The official name of the village is now Avoca in English and Abhóca in Irish. None of the other names used today.

Avoca has been used as a filming location for several films and television series. The BBC series Ballykissangel was filmed there. 1967 Avoca was one of the locations used in the film Jules Verne’s Rocket to the Moon , and it was the setting for the comedy Zonad who had a general release in Ireland in 2010.

The Red Dragon, recently reintroduced to Ireland, is now widely seen in and around Avoca.

Mining

Copper mining is said to have begun in Avoca valley around 1720 and continued intermittently until 1982. Previously, mining, perhaps dating back to the Bronze Age, may have occurred. East Avoca website today, consists mainly of a number of rock waste piles lots, abandoned quarries (Crone Brisbane and East Avoca open pits) and discarded roads. The biggest change high, Mount Flat, built from the waste rock excavated from Crone Bane pits.There was a mineral tramway built from the mines West Avoca, through the village (on the opposite side of the river) and on to Arklow port. The route for most of this was contained in Dublin Ross railway, but a bow and a tunnel under the road from Rathdrum to Avoca remains.

Avoca River at Avoca village; note copper-colored stones on the riverbed

Transport

Avoca is located on the R752 regional road connecting Rathnew with Wooden. The village is served by Bus Éireann route 133 from Dublin (66 km) and Wicklow (21 km) Arklow (10 km), with two departures in each direction Monday to Saturday and a single trip on Sundays.

There are some local political pressure ^[2] to secure the resumption of Avoca railway station, from where passenger services were withdrawn March 3, 1964 nearly 101 years after its opening, the Dublin-Ross railway on 18 July 1863. ^[3]

International relations

See also: List of twin town in Ireland

Avoca has twinning agreements with:

• Bromham, Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom.

See also

• List of towns and villages in Ireland

References

1. Jump up ^ “Legal Avoca Town results”. Central Bureau of Statistics .2011.
2. Jump up ^ “Dick asks the Council to” Get along with the CIE to open Avoca Station ”. Retrieved 2007-11-01. ^{[ Dead link ]}
3. Jump up ^ “Avoca station” (PDF). Railscot – Irish Railways. Archive (PDF) from the original September 26, 2007 is taken. 2007-09-09.

County Wicklow (Irish: Contae Chill Mhantáin , [kɔnˠt̪ˠeː çɪl̪ʲ wantan]) is a municipality in Ireland. The last of the traditional 32 counties will be formed, as late as 1606, it is part avMid-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Wicklow, derived from the Old Norse name Víkingaló , which means “the Vikings ‘Meadow’. Wicklow County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 142,332 according to the 2016 Census.

Wicklow is colloquially known as the Garden of Ireland . ^[8] It is the 17th largest of Ireland’s 32 counties by area, is thirty-three miles in length with twenty miles in breadth, ^[9] and the 16th largest by population. ^[10] it is the fourth largest of Leinster’s 12 counties by size and the fifth largest in terms of population. Between 2011 and 2016 the population of the county grew by 4.2% ^[11]

The boundaries of the county was extended in 1957 by the Local Government Act ^[12] as “independent countries of the County of Dublin and the jurisdiction and powers of the Council of County Dublin” near Bray and added them to the County Wicklow. The neighboring counties are in south Wexford, Carlow to the southwest, west of Kildare and Dublin in the north.

Towns and Villages

See also: List of townlands in County Wicklow

• Aghavannagh
• Annacurra
• Annamoe
• Arklow
• Ashford
• Aughrim
• Avoca
• Ballinaclash
• Ballinakil
• Ballycoogue
• Baltinglass
• Blessington
• Cry
• Brittas Bay
• Carnew
• cool Fancy
• coolboy
• Coolkenno
• Delgany
• Donard
• Dunlavin
• Kerry
• Glencree
• Glendalough
• Glenealy
• Grangecon
• Greenan
• Greystones
• Hollywood
• kilbride
• Kilcoole
• Killincarrig
• Kilmacanogue
• Kilpedder
• Kiltegan
• Knockananna
• The varnish
• Laragh
• Manor Kilbride
• Meeting of the Waters
• Newcastle
• Newtownmountkennedy
• Poulaphouca
• Rathnew
• Rathdrum
• Red Cross
• roundwood
• Shillelagh
• Stratford-on-Slaney
• Tinahely
• Valley
• Wicklow
• Wooden

physical geography

Geology and mountains

More information: Wicklow Mountains

The Wicklow Mountains range is the largest continuous mountain region in Ireland. The highest mountain in the area, Lugnaquilla, rises to 925 meters (3,035 ft), making Wicklow County, the second highest peak after Kerry. The Wicklow Way is the oldest waymarked long-distance hiking trail in Ireland, and the area is a popular attraction, as the region offers multiple choices of recreation including fishing before discharge into the Irish Sea at Arklow.The Slaneyär River in the western part of the county, bordering County Carlow. The Turlough Hill pumped-storage scheme, a significant civil engineering projects, carried out in the mountains in the 1960s and 1970s.The lakes are small but numerous, located mainly in the mountain valleys and glacial Corrie. They include Lough Dan Lough Tay, Lough Brae, lakes and Glendalough Poulaphouca reservoir (the largest volume).

History

Wicklow was the last of the traditional counties of Ireland to be shired in 1606 from land previously part of the counties of Dublin and Carlow.Established as a distinct county was aimed at controlling the local groups O’Byrnes. The Military Road , stretching from Rathfarnham to Aghavannagh crosses mountains, north to south, was built by the British Army to help them defeat the rebels still active in the Wicklow Mountains following the failed 1798 uprising. ^[13] it gave them access to an area that had been a hotbed of Irish rebellion for centuries. Several barracks to house the soldiers were built along the route and the Glencree Centre for Peace and Reconciliation was built along with the remnants of barracks där.Bataljoner of the Irish Army use firing ranges in County Wicklow for tactical exercises, especially the largest one in the Glen of Imaal which was previously used by British army before independence.

The ancient monastery of Glendalough is located in County Wicklow. During the Cromwellian invasion of Ireland, local authorities immediately surrendered without a fight. During the 1798 uprising, some of the rebels took refuge in the Wicklow Mountains, resulting in clashes between British troops and troops under the command of General Joseph Holt (1756-1826) near Aughrim and later in Arklow.

Local governments and politics

Main article: Wicklow County Council

The local authority is Wicklow County Council, which returned 32 councilors from five municipal districts (Arklow, Baltinglass, Bray, Greystones, Wicklow). All the previous council (Arklow, Bray, Grey, Wicklow) abolished under a new Local Government Act of 2014 local elections. For elections to Dáil Éireann, the county included in the Wicklow constituency along with some eastern parts of the county Carlow. The constituency returned five TDs to Dáil.

Dáil deputies

County Council councilors

Culture

Surrounding area west of Bray.

Mermaid County Wicklow Arts Centre, based in Bray. Mermaid is the county’s hub of artistic activity and creation, which offers a program in many art forms :. Visual arts, theater, opera, dance, art house cinema, comedy and music software ^[14] Two of the county’s festivals take place in Arklow, Arklow Music Festival and Arklow Seabreeze Festival.

The county is a popular filmmaking location in Ireland. Bray is home to Ardmore Studios, where many of Ireland’s most famous films, including John Boorman’s Excalibur and Zardoz , Jim Sheridan’s Oscar -winning In the Name of the Father , and several Neil Jordan films have been shot. The BBC seriesBallykissangel was filmed also in County Wicklow. Scenes from the movie PS I Love You was shot in the Wicklow Mountains National Park, while several scenes from other films, from Barry Lyndon to Haywire , have been filmed in the county. ^[15]

Media

• WicklowNews.net is a popular news site in the county and was founded in 2010.
• The local radio station in Wicklow is East Coast FM .In 2010, Radio Nova became the second local radio service is licensed for North Wicklow.The station broadcasts to Bray, Greystones, Kilmacanogue, Ennis and Blessington, besides Dublin, Kildare North and South Meath. It broadcasts to North Wicklow 95.7 from Bray Head and 100.3 FM. Beat 102-103 is also broadcast in parts of southern and western Wicklow towns and villages Arklow, Tinahely, Shiellagh, Baltinglass, Kiltegan and Carnew where borders Wexford and Carlow meet.
• Local newspapers include Bray people , Wicklow Times , and Wicklow People .

See also

• High Sheriff of County Wicklow
• List of abbeys and priories in Wicklow.
• Lord Lieutenant of County Wicklow

References

1. Jump up ^ “Wicklow”. Central Bureau of Statistics . 2011.
2. Jump up ^ For the 1653 and 1659 figures from the Civil Survey Census of those years, the paper Mr. Hardinge Royal Irish Academy March 14, 1865.
3. Jump up ^ Census of post 1821 figures.
4. Jump up ^ http://www.histpop.org
5. Jump up ^ Northern Ireland census of the population | Census Website
6. Jump up ^ Lee, JJ (1981). “On the accuracy of pre-famine Irish censuses”. In the Gold Strom, JM; Clarkson, LA Irish population, economy and society: Essays in Honour of the late KH Connell. Oxford, England: Clarendon Press.
7. Jump up ^ Mokyr, Joel, O Grada, Cormac (November 1984). “New Developments in the Irish population history, 1700-1850”. The Economic History Review. Volume. 37 (4) :. 473-488 doi: 10.1111 / j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x.
8. Jump up ^ http://www.gardenexhibition.ie/
9. Jump up ^ Wright, GN (1822). A Guide to the county of Wicklow.London: Baldwin, Cradock and Joy. en
10. Jump up ^ Corry, Eoghan (2005). The GAA Book of Lists. Hodder Headline Ireland. pp. 186-191. ISBN 0-340-89695-7.
11. Jump up ^http://www.cso.ie/en/media/csoie/census/documents/Prelim%20complete.pdf
12. Jump up ^ Irish statute book, municipal Provisional Order Confirmation Act, 1957
13. Jump up ^ See Philip Smith (writer), An Introduction to the Architectural Heritage of County Wicklow. Dublin: Wordwell Press / Irish Government, the Ministry of the Environment, Heritage and Local Government, National Inventory of Architectural Heritage, in 2004.
14. Jump up ^ If the Mermaid Arts Centre – Official Site
15. Jump up ^ “Wicklow Film Commission – Filming in Ireland”. Wicklow Film Commission. 2011. Retrieved March fourteen 2011.